Which factor is NOT included in the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory?

• A. Physiological arousal
• B. Cognitive labeling
• C. Social context
• D. Emotional memory

Answer: (C)

Emotion, in the two-factor view, comes from a combination of physiological arousal and cognitive labeling of that arousal. The body’s arousal provides the intensity, and the mind interprets what that arousal means in the given situation, producing the emotional experience. Social context isn’t a separate, built-in element of this theory; it can influence how you label the arousal, but it isn’t one of the core factors the model asserts. So among the options, social context is not included as a core component of the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory.