Industrial-organizational psychology studies how people relate to work and how work affects people. Which option reflects that focus?

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Industrial-organizational psychology focuses on the relationship between people and their work and on how work influences people’s behavior, performance, and well-being. The option that says it studies how humans and work influence each other captures this reciprocal focus, reflecting both how people function in work settings and how work conditions shape outcomes like motivation, stress, and job satisfaction. For example, it covers topics like job design, selection and training, leadership, and organizational culture, all aimed at improving both performance and well-being. The other choices don’t fit this focus: studying animals in labs is about non-human behavior; personality disorders fall under clinical psychology; and climate change is outside the workplace psychology scope.